{"id":141213,"date":"2023-08-02T13:44:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-02T05:44:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/gioi-thieu-ve-lich-su-cua-cac-sieu-dan\/"},"modified":"2026-04-21T11:28:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T03:28:28","slug":"gioi-thieu-ve-lich-su-cua-cac-sieu-dan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/gioi-thieu-ve-lich-su-cua-cac-sieu-dan\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c si\u00eau d\u1eabn"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd kh\u01a1i d\u1eady s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. H\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn!<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E7%82%BA%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E8%B6%85%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E9%82%A3%E9%BA%BC%E8%AE%93%E4%BA%BA%E6%9C%9F%E5%BE%85\">T\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E8%B6%85%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E5%B8%B8%E6%BA%AB%E8%B6%85%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E4%BB%A4%E4%BA%BA%E6%9C%9F%E5%BE%85%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%A0\">L\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"&#x70BA;&#x4EC0;&#x9EBC;&#x8D85;&#x5C0E;&#x9AD4;&#x90A3;&#x9EBC;&#x8B93;&#x4EBA;&#x671F;&#x5F85;\">T\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea9y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nhau kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ed \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"&#x8D85;&#x5C0E;&#x9AD4;&#x6B77;&#x53F2;\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn<\/h3>\n\n<p>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. N\u0103m 1881, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan Heike Kamerlingh Onnes \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng kh\u00ed heli xu\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (-273,15\u00b0C hay 0K). \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00e0y, Onnes b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau d\u1eabn. Onnes ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1933, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 Walter Meissner v\u00e0 Robert Ochsenfeld m\u1edbi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Disney-Ochsenfeld n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn l\u00ean t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u2014c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Disney&#8221;. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n<p>Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau d\u1eabn. N\u0103m 1957, John Bardeen, Leon Cooper v\u00e0 Robert Schrieffer \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft BCS n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gh\u00e9p c\u1eb7p electron trong ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft BCS tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1986, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u00ednh si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao m\u1edbi g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 Georg Bednorz, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Alexander M\u00fcller v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 J. Georg Bednorz \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t oxit \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<p>K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nit\u01a1 l\u1ecfng, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau d\u1eabn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Trong truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn si\u00eau d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nam ch\u00e2m si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n y t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb (MRI), v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft mang t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"&#x5E38;&#x6EAB;&#x8D85;&#x5C0E;&#x9AD4;&#x4EE4;&#x4EBA;&#x671F;&#x5F85;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x56E0;\">L\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady<\/h3>\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng l\u1ea1i thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 si\u00eau d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Si\u00eau d\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u, trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1eeb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nhau kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a si\u00eau d\u1eabn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ed \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4290,4296],"tags":[4511,4536,4656],"class_list":["post-141213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chuyen-muc-kien-thuc","category-lop-hoc-kim-cuong","tag-sieu-dan-nhiet-do-phong","tag-sieu-dan-o-nhiet-do-thuong","tag-vat-lieu-sieu-dan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=141213"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141213\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":141215,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141213\/revisions\/141215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=141213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=141213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=141213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}