{"id":141186,"date":"2023-08-04T15:21:25","date_gmt":"2023-08-04T07:21:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/yttrium-duoc-tau-apollo-mang-ve-tu-mat-trang\/"},"modified":"2026-04-21T10:00:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T02:00:28","slug":"yttrium-duoc-tau-apollo-mang-ve-tu-mat-trang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/yttrium-duoc-tau-apollo-mang-ve-tu-mat-trang\/","title":{"rendered":"Yttrium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0u Apollo mang v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn. Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E4%BB%8B%E7%B4%B9\">Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E9%87%94-y\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Yttrium (Y)<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E9%87%94%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E9%A0%98%E5%9F%9F%EF%BC%9A\">C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Yttrium<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"&#x4ECB;&#x7D39;\"><strong>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1986, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Muller v\u00e0 Bednortz t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a IBM \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf 35 K. N\u0103m sau, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Alabama v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Houston \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf 93 K, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. YBCO, v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc YBa\u2082Cu\u2083O\u2087, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 YBCO, v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1i II.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau d\u1eabn n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm yttrium (Y), th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft yttrium kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1t monazit. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi h\u00e0nh gia Apollo mang v\u1ec1 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bM\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn yttrium, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">T\u00f4i nghe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi yttrium xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf Ytterby c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, n\u01a1i Gadolin l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1789. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng n\u00e0y. Yttrium c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong laser tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn; v\u00ed d\u1ee5, yttrium nh\u00f4m garnet (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 YAG) t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 d\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laser \u0111\u1ea7u ra cao, r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c khoan v\u00e0 c\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Y.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Y.png\" alt=\"Yttrium\" class=\"wp-image-30355\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-large-font-size\" id=\"&#x91D4;-y\"><strong>\u91d4 Y<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u6578\uff1a<\/strong> 39<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed: 88,905838 u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed: [Kr] 4d\u00b9 5s\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Yttrium c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh electron t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 scandium (Sc), titanium (Ti) v\u00e0 zirconium (Zr), v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u1edf chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i: Yttrium l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 s\u1eafc x\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang: 4,472 g\/cm\u00b3 (\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y: 1523 \u00b0C<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u0110i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i: 3337 \u00b0C<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng: 3.0 &#8211; 3.5 (\u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Mohs)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bt\u00ednh: \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, yttrium l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ngh\u1ecbch t\u1eeb, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Yttrium l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi oxy, l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">N\u00f3 b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0 oxit yttrium (Y2O3).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\" id=\"&#x91D4;&#x61C9;&#x7528;&#x9818;&#x57DF;&#xFF1A;\">C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Yttrium:<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">V\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cao h\u01a1n, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i si\u00eau d\u1eabn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Yttrium bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i k\u00ednh v\u00e0 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tinh th\u1ec3 laser YAG (yttrium nh\u00f4m garnet).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LED, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t yttrium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t quang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a yttrium trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh y t\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n MRI.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn. Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":141185,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4290,4292],"tags":[4553,4579,4656,4675],"class_list":["post-141186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-muc-kien-thuc","category-ung-dung-san-pham","tag-mat-trang","tag-ung-dung-san-pham","tag-vat-lieu-sieu-dan","tag-yttrium-vi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=141186"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141186\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":141190,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141186\/revisions\/141190"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/141185"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=141186"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=141186"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=141186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}