{"id":141175,"date":"2023-09-01T16:03:21","date_gmt":"2023-09-01T08:03:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/bo-ba-nguyen-to-dat-hiem-da-xuat-hien-va-nan-nhan-kien-tao-dia-chat-cung-da-lo-dien\/"},"modified":"2026-04-21T09:44:33","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T01:44:33","slug":"bo-ba-nguyen-to-dat-hiem-da-xuat-hien-va-nan-nhan-kien-tao-dia-chat-cung-da-lo-dien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/bo-ba-nguyen-to-dat-hiem-da-xuat-hien-va-nan-nhan-kien-tao-dia-chat-cung-da-lo-dien\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9 ba nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u2013 v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bt\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, yttrium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf g\u1ea7n l\u00e0ng Ytterby \u1edf Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ba nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi nhau: erbium, terbium v\u00e0 ytterbium, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong qu\u1eb7ng \u1edf c\u00f9ng khu v\u1ef1c. Trong h\u1ecd lanthanum, tbium v\u00e0 erbium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1edbm, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tr\u00f9ng nhau. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 terbium, nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng may ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi erbium.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E4%BB%8B%E7%B4%B9\">Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E9%8B%B1-tb\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a terbium (Tb)<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#%E9%8B%B1%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E7%9A%84%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E9%A0%98%E5%9F%9F%EF%BC%9A\">C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a bismuth:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"&#x4ECB;&#x7D39;\"><strong>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-duotone-unset-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Rare-Earth-Element-Timeline.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Rare-Earth-Element-Timeline-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-36661\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">N\u0103m 1843, Mosander ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra terbium b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch oxit t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t yttrium. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 oxit erbium v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 terbium v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1877. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ch\u1ebf l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1edfi Urbain v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1905. Tirium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb monazit b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-duotone-3a6fc5-dedede-2\"><a href=\"&lt;!--[CDATA[https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x7B26;&#x865F;-11.png]]--&gt;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x7B26;&#x865F;-11-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"T&#x1EC9; l&#x1EC7;\" class=\"wp-image-36666\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\" id=\"&#x92F1;-tb\">b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">S\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean t\u1eed: 65<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed: 158,925 u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nguy\u00ean t\u1eed: C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh electron l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tantali l\u00e0 4f\u2079 6s\u00b2.<br\/><br\/>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd\/h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: Tantali nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1n, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng b\u1ea1c. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ch\u00ec; n\u00f3 m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng dao. N\u00f3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.<br\/>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"&#x92F1;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x61C9;&#x7528;&#x9818;&#x57DF;&#xFF1A;\"><strong>C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a bismuth:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ch\u00fang li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 laser \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh X-quang \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">H\u1ee3p kim TbDyFe, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb dysprosium v\u00e0 s\u1eaft, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u1ec7ch t\u1eeb l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1ea7u in c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y in vi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u0129a ghi \u00e2m. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p kim si\u00eau t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n m\u1edbi (TerFenol), n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sonar, loa ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c li\u00ean quan.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng xanh, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng oxit vonfram, l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t quang xanh trong \u1ed1ng tia cathode v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n hu\u1ef3nh quang, v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh m\u00e0u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m t\u1eeb quang h\u1ecdc, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1eeb quang h\u1ecdc, v.v.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00e1t quang, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ed9i sinh. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5m ph\u00e1t quang m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh than, cho th\u1ea5y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n trong y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m.<br\/><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n neodymium trong nam ch\u00e2m NdFeB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng terbium, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>\u8fd1\u671f\u6070\u597d\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u76f8\u95dc\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u6839\u64da\u4ee5\u5f80\u7d14\u96fb\u52d5\u6c7d\u8eca\uff08EV\uff09\u99ac\u9054\uff0c\u65bc\u666e\u904d\u300c\u91f9\u78c1\u9435\u300d\u4e2d\u542b\u67090.5\uff5e1\uff05\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u92f1\u3002\u77e5\u540d\u65e5\u4f01\u5247\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5c07\u7a00\u571f\u300c\u92f1\u300d\u7684\u7528\u91cf\u964d\u81f30.1\uff5e0.2\uff05\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u91f9\u78c1\u9435\uff0c\u4e00\u6a23\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u78c1\u9435\u7684\u8010\u71b1\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u78c1\u9435\u6027\u80fd\u5462!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, yttrium \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf g\u1ea7n l\u00e0ng Ytterby \u1edf Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n. Ngo\u00e0i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":141174,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4290,4292],"tags":[4498,4579],"class_list":["post-141175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-muc-kien-thuc","category-ung-dung-san-pham","tag-terbium-vi","tag-ung-dung-san-pham"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141175","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=141175"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141175\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":141177,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141175\/revisions\/141177"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/141174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=141175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=141175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/honwaygroup.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=141175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}